National Curriculum in Schools in England Essay

National Curriculum in Schools in England - Essay Example From this study it is clear that a curriculum should not burden the leaners by ensuring that the developers constitute the most appropriate concepts for every stage of the learning process thereby guaranteeing optimum learning. This requires the consideration of such pertinent features of the learner as their age and the knowledge gap. Additionally, an effective curriculum introduces concepts progressively thereby ensuring that the learner understands each concept at the most appropriate age. Besides the development of the concepts for the learner, curriculums manage the teachers. According to the paper a curriculum must consider and set feature requirements for the teacher thereby ensuring that only the most effective teachers impart the knowledge in the learners. A curriculum therefore advises the teachers on the best earning aids for every learning stage and the mode of teaching to ensure a productive system. Additionally, curriculums should always reflect the state of the society within which it is applied in a number of ways, the knowledge in the curriculum must have direct relevance with the environment within which it is used. This implies that the curriculum must envision the knowledge growth through time. An effective curriculum therefore has a period lapse within which it is reviewed. In the United Kingdom, the period is four years a time within which the developers remove certain aspects of the curriculum and replacing them with new concepts.  

The Life of Alexander the Great Essay Example for Free

The Life of Alexander the Great Essay At the age of twenty years old, Alexanders reign of the Macedonian throne began in 336 B.C. following the death of his father, Philip II. Olympias, Alexanders mom, was thought to have assassinated her own husband so that the throne would be prepared for her son. When Alexander became King, he wanted to do great things so that everyone would know that he is King. From the beginning of his reign, he always had a passion for fighting and winning wars. He also noticed that he had many enemies and conspirators and to immediately get them out of the way, he had them all executed. In 335 B.C. he destroyed Thebes, located in upper Egypt, for rebelling against him. In the following year, Alexander had the most amazing military campaign by guiding an army consisting of Greeks and Macedonians fighting against the Persian empire with the goal of taking revenge on Greece in order top fulfill his fathers dream. Throughout his lifetime, he accomplished many things, had incredible defeats, and conquered many countries. By this, he earned his title of the great and was most excellently admired for it. His people saw him as an outstanding motivator, leading men into dangerous, unknown regions, earning much respect and inspiring countless soldiers. Alexander didnt much care about his own safety yet placed all of his concern straight on the goal and the ways in which he would complete it. When in battle, he would like to show his equality between him and his soldiers by riding his war horse on the enemys front line, experiencing the same risks and threats as they were. People started urging him to get married and have a child to carry on his great title but he was too busy with his conquests. He had much hope and faith in his troops and thought out his plans well for only the greatest of successes. He was the ideal of male Greek culture. (pg. 130) Seen as a great hero, he helped his troops along to continuous triumphs. When visiting Gordion in Anatolia, he was given the opportunity to be rewarded the lordship of Asia if only he could make loose an unmoving knot binding the yoke of a chariot. Leaving everyone in awe, he sliced the tough knot with a quick slice of his sword. His never failing most high reputation  among the people never failed and the empire continued to grow. He kept a very close eye on the latest technology and techniques in order to keep up with his war successes. Alexanders unique fighting styles made enemies doubt themselves and their abilities to stand strong against him. He always had his plans all laid out and precise and after conquering Egypt and Persia, his strategy showed to be this : establish colonies of Greeks and Macedonians in conquered territory and keep the traditional administrative system in place. (pg. 131) Alexander began his journey of the founding of new cities by naming the first Alexandria after himself, located in Egypt. His maintaining passion for capture and exploration ruled so greatly in his life that his next goal would be to travel to India. Alexandria the Furthest was established on the way and he ended up settling for an alliance sealed by a marriage to the Bactrian princess Roxanne. (pg. 131) Voyaging into India, seventy days of marching through stormy weather led to the disappearance of the soldiers will to win. In 326 B.C., located on the banks of the Hyphasis River, they forced Alexander to turn back. Finally returning back to Persia, he started on the plans of his next attack without delay. His next target would be the Arabian peninsula followed by all of North Africa. Ruling over the Greeks became less important to him and he decided to restore citizenship within the city-states and he made the declaration that he wanted to be honored as if he were a god. Feeling astonished by this peculiar request, the other leaders complied by sending religious gifts showing their respect. Alexander thought so highly of himself because of all of his great and praiseworthy actions , that he started to believe that he was actually the son of Zeus. He felt that he showed to have godlike power therefore he must be as he proclaims he is. On the somber day of June 10, 323 B.C. , the young Alexander passed away due to extreme drinking and high fever. His future plans were ended by his sudden death not too long after the death of his best friend, Hephaistion . Following Alexanders death, a child was born to him and Roxanne. Despite his short reign, he greatly impacted and benefited the future for geography and many other scientific fields. Altogether, Alexander III immensely  extended the influence of Greek civilization and arranged the way for the empire of the Hellenistic period and the annexation of the Roman Empire.

Buddhism Essay -- essays research papers

Buddhism Buddhism, one of the major religions of the world, was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, who lived in northern India from 560 to 480 B.C. The time of the Buddha was one of social and religious change, marked by the further advance of Aryan Civilization into the Ganges Plain, the development of trade and cities, the breakdown of old tribal structures, and the rise of a whole spectrum of new religious movements that responded to the demands of the times (Conze 10). These movements were derived from the Brahmanic tradition of Hinduism but were also reactions against it. Of the new sects, Buddhism was the most successful and eventually spread throughout India and most of Asia. Today it is common to divide Buddhism into two main branches. The Theravada, or "Way of the Elders," is the more conservative of the two; it is dominant in Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand (Berry 23). The Mahayana, or "Great Vehicle," is more diverse and liberal; it is found mainly in Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, and among Tibetan peoples, where it is distinguished by its emphasis on the Buddhist Tantras (Berry 24). In recent times both branches, as well as Tibetan Buddhism, have gained followers in the West. It is virtually impossible to tell what the Buddhist population of the world is today; statistics are difficult to obtain because persons might have Buddhist beliefs and engage in Buddhist rites while maintaining folk or other religions such as Shinto, Confucian, Taoist, and Hindu (Corless 41). Such persons might or might not call themselves or be counted as Buddhists. Nevertheless, the number of Buddhists worldwide is frequently estimated at more than 300 million (Berry 32). Just what the original teaching of the Buddha was is a matter of some debate. Nonetheless, it may be said to have centered on certain basic doctrines. The first of the Four Noble Truths, the Buddha held, is suffering, or duhkha. By this, he meant not only that human existence is occasionally painful but that all beings; humans, animals, ghosts, hell- beings, even the gods in the heavens; are caught up in samsara, a cycle of rebirth, a maze of suffering in which their actions, or karma, keep them wandering (Coomaraswamy 53). Samsara ... ...bsp; The heart of Zen monasticism is the practice of meditation; it is this feature that has been most popular in Zen's spread to the West. Zen meditation highlights the experience of enlightenment, or satori, and the possibility of attaining it in this life. The strict training of Zen monks, the daily physical chores, the constant wrestling with koans, the long hours of sitting in meditation, and the special intensive periods of practice, or sesshin, are all directed toward this end. At the same time, enlightenment is generally thought of as being sudden. The meditator needs to be jolted awake, and the only one who can do this is his Zen master (Davids 113). The master-disciple relationship often involves private interviews in which the Zen trait of unconventionality sometimes comes to the fore; the master will allow no refuge in the Buddha or the sutras but demands from his disciple a direct answer to his assigned koan (Davids 114). Conversely, the master may goad the disciple by remaining silent or compassionately help him out, but with the constant aim of trying to cause a breakthrough from conventional to absolute truth (Corless 131).

Punctuality and Time Essay

Advantages: If we be punctual, we can finish up our work at right time. Punctuality checks unnecessary wastage of time. Time is very valuable for us. We can save it only by punctuality. Time and tide wait for none. Seconds, minutes, hours and days pass by in right order. There is a maxim â€Å"We should hold the time by the forelock†. If we be punctual, a single second of us will never go waste. The English men are very punctual. They put on wrist-watches to exercise punctuality. But we, the Indian put on wrist-watches only as ornaments for show. We cannot progress. If we do not be punctual. Punctuality helps us in our progress. It also saves money in other ways. There is a saying. â€Å"A stitch in time saves nine†. So, if we take our food punctually, we will never be sick and so we will never have to spend money on medicines and doctors or to worry our near and dear ones in this connection. And this principle applies well in all other cases. Conclusion: Everybody should be punctual in his everyday life. Every students should make a habit of punctuality. The people who have become great in their lives are very punctual. Punctuality is the first condition for becoming great in life. So, punctuality should be the motto in our life. We should not only be punctual ourselves but also advise others to be punctual. Related Articles.

Monsato Company †A Question in Agricultural Ethics Essay

Monsato Company is a Missouri-based company founded in 1901 by John F. Queeny and his wife Olga Monsato producing saccharine. In the mid-1940s, Monsato Co. began developing agricultural chemicals and throughout the 1960s and 1970s, herbicides were developed and introduced to the farmers. In 1981, a research group was established and the business’s primary focus was molecular biotechnology. In 1982, Monsato Co. bought Jacob Hartz Seed Co., a company known in the Midwest for its soybeen seeds. Also in 1982, scientists working for Monsato Co. produced the first genetically modified plant. In 1996, RoundUp Ready Soybeans were introduced possessing an in-seed herbicide. Several other in-seed herbicides are introduced in 1997 by Monsato Co. such as RoundUp Ready Cotton and RoundUp Ready Canola. Also introduced is an in-seed insect protection called YieldGard Corn Borer. In 1998, Monsato Co. combines the technology of in-seed herbicides with their in-seed insecticides into one product for its corn seed. In 2002, Monsato Co. identifies corn hybrids, which yield more ethanol per bushel than normal corn. Later this same year, they also identify a similar hybrid in their soybeans, which will produce more oil than a normal soybean. In 2004, Monsato Co. creates American Seeds, Inc (ASI) to support regional seed business with capital, genetics, and technology investments. In 2005, Monsato Co. acquires four companies Fontanelle Hybrids, based in Fontanelle, Neb, Stewart Seeds, based in Greensburg, Ind., Trelay Seeds, based in Livingston, Wis., and Stone Seeds, based in Pleasant Plains, Ill. In 2006, they acquire several other local seed companies, some family-owned, including Diener Seeds, Sieben Hybrids, Kruger Seed Company, Trisler Seed Farms, Gold Country Seed, Inc., Heritage Seeds and Campbell Seed. Over the next several years, they also acquire other local and regional companies and continue their research and development of genetically altered seeds. Over the course of a few decades, Monsato Co. has gone from a small company making saccharine to a Midwest agricultural giant manufacturing genetically altered seed. 1 A Possible Solution: Deregulation Although the idea of producing more crops with less cost, such as additional chemicals, pesticides, and herbicides may sound, the fact remains that Monsato Co. is not only toying with nature, they are also putting smaller family-owned companies out of business. In the past several years, organic foods have become more popular. Consumers want to feed their families healthy food, not food filled with chemicals. In 2005, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) decided to back Monsato and other biotech companies by supporting the deregulation of genetically engineered (GE) alfalfa. This would mean that the GE companies would have no restrictions on their technology and its use.2 Deregulation has its obvious problems. Organic crop company leaders, such as Stonyfield, Whole Foods, and OrganicValley believe that GE crops use a higher amount of toxins, herbicides, and water. Also the claims of higher crop yield will not be met and the price of this seed will be too costly for the average farmer. There is also the potential of cross-contamination of crops where a farmer using GE seed spreads the toxins to his organic neighbor through groundwater. This could lead to the organic farmer’s crops getting contaminated and his losing his license to sell organic products. Stonyfield and other organic companies opposed this ruling and in 2010 it went to the Supreme Court. The decision was that deregulation could not take place without the USDA making an environmental assessment of the genetically enhanced seeds used, and an injunction was put in place preventing the planting of GE alfalfa seeds. David and Goliath Biotech companies lobbied heavily in Washington. However, the smaller organic supporters caught the ear of the USDA and as a result persuaded them to conduct a meeting of the minds of both sides. The problem was clear – there was an incredible amount of support, political and financial, in favor of GE alfalfa. The result was that the UDSA would allow deregulation. The organic companies and farmers were faced with the fact that GE alfalfa was here to stay. What was left to fight over was whether it would be complete deregulation or one with restrictions. In their opinion, it was better to have some measure of control than no control at all, so the organic community stayed and fought. They brought to the table demands for reassurance that â€Å"(a) organic farmers whose crops become contaminated by GE alfalfa must be compensated by the patent holders for their losses due to losing their organic certification and (b) the USDA must oversee all testing and monitoring of GE crops t o ensure compliance as part of its role in protecting all US agriculture.† 3 The organic community won that portion of the battle. Conclusion The organic community may have won that battle, but they lost the war. Chemical companies and genetically engineered seed are a mainstay in today’s agriculture. Along with that they bring with them the potential for contaminated soil and damaged and lost crops of the small, everyday farmer. These farmers and family-owned businesses are being swallowed up on a regular basis. As the world’s population grows so does the demand for an ever increasing need of better, more enhanced, products. Technology provides us with the knowledge and growth for these, but in its wake leaves behind the things that matter very much to — clean air, clean soil, fresh water and â€Å"pure† food. References 1) Monsato. (2010). Monsato. Retrieved from http://www.monsanto.com 2) Pearson, C. (2010, March). The Most Unethical Company is also Best Corporate Citizen. Cause Integration http://www.causeintegration.com/2010/ the-most-unethical-companyis-a-best-corporate-citizen-what-gives/ 3) Hirshberg, G. (2011, January). Speaking with One Voice to Stop Monsato and Biotech. Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/gary-hirshberg/speaking-with-one-voice-t_b_816447.html

The limitations in Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer Essays

The limitations in Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer Essays The limitations in Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer Essay The limitations in Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer Essay Colon malignant neoplastic disease is the 2nd prima cause of malignant neoplastic disease decease. Most of the instances are sporadic but several familial familial syndromes account for around 5 % of all colorectal malignant neoplastic diseases ( CRC ) . The most common of these syndromes are familial adenomatous polyposis ( FAP ) and familial non-polyposis colon malignant neoplastic disease ( HNPCC ) which is besides known as Lynch syndrome. These make up 3 % of the familial syndromes. Other syndromes include Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and Juvenile polyposis syndrome. This essay will concentrate on the most common familial CRC s. The cistrons that are involved in FAP and HNPCC have been identified. Therefore familial testing can be offered to test for bearer position in these syndromes. Designation of persons who have a sensitivity to CRC is of import to be able to offer them adequate testing to observe tumors at an early phase. FAP FAP is dominantly inherited and is extremely acute demoing a perpendicular transmittal through a household lineage. Its classical phenotype involves the growing of 100s of adenomatous polyps along the colonic mucous membrane. If the polyps are non removed there is near a 100 % opportunity of colon malignant neoplastic disease. The mean age of polyp development and colon malignance is 16 and 39 old ages severally. FAP is found in ~1 per 7-10,000 births in the United States population and histories for less than 1 % of all CRC ( Davidson, 2007 ) . FAP is a monogenetic disease and is caused by the mutant or omission of the adenomatous polyposis coli ( APC ) cistron which is found on chromosome 5. 95 % of APC mutants that lead to FAP is either bunk ( 28 % ) or truncating frameshift ( 67 % ) ( Burt and Neklason, 2005 ) . The staying 5 % is caused by big omissions or rearrangements. The APC cistron is a tumour-suppressor cistron and the APC protein is portion of the Wnt-signalling tract, involved in cell growing control ( Burt and Neklason, 2005 ) . Mutants in the APC cistron hence cause activation of the Wnt-signalling tract and uncontrolled cell growing. There is another discrepancy of FAP known as Attenuated signifier of FAP ( AFAP ) , it has a ulterior age on oncoming ( gt ; 40 ) , less adenomatous polyps ( A ; lt ; 50 ) and a lower hazard of CRC. Some of these patients will hold a mutant in the extreme of the 3 or 5 terminal of the APC cistron compared to those who have extreme polyposis where mutants tend to be in the mid-portion of exon 15. It is of import to be able to separate between the types of FAP to cognize where to test for mutants and how to handle the status. It is besides of import to see a patient s nationality when they present to clinic. This can find their heritage hazard and aid to turn up the mutant. For illustration Ashkanazi Jews have a high prevalence of the I1307K mutant ensuing in a life-time hazard of CRC between 10-20 % . Diagnosis Familial testing is of import in households who are at hazard of FAP due the dominant and high penetrance phenotype. As there is a classical phenotype, FAP is easier to name in clinic. In FAP about all mutants consist of shortnesss of the APC protein. This occurs by point mutants, doing either a frameshift by an interpolation or omission, or a nonsensical codon. Familial Testing for FAP is done by bespeaking the presence of a disease doing mutant by a Protein Truncation Test ( PTT ) . Then the location of the mutant on the APC cistron is found by Conformation-Specific Gel Electrophoresis ( CSGE ) , Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism ( SSCP ) or Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ( DGGE ) . Once the location of the mutant is localised the APC cistron is sequenced to place the disease-causing mutant. For those big omissions and rearrangements, Southern Blotting, Array CGH and MLPA can be used for designation. If all of these methods fail to place the mutant, linkage proving to the APC cistron can be done. As it has become cheaper to sequence the APC cistron late many clinics skip the procedure of turn uping the country of mutant and sequence the whole cistron. Deductions The APC cistron is big and the mutants spread along it. This can do it hard to turn up the mutant. As many households have alone mutants it may be hard to make up ones mind if the mutant found is really infective. In fact in patients showing with phenotypical classical FAP, known infective mutants are merely found in 85 % of them. The remainder, although they may hold alterations in the APC cistron it is unknown what these alterations mean. As this information is uninformative it is non possible to give patients a hazard of acquiring CRC or to test their households to be able to except those who are non at hazard. All of the molecular trials used for FAP have their advantages and disadvantages. PTT fails to observe shortnesss that occur at the very terminal or beginning of a cistron and big mutants. Additionally it can non observe missense mutants. However, if it does happen a mutant it is ever disease doing. CSGE does observe more than 90 % of mutants present. SSCP detect s between 60 % -95 % of mutants and DGGE can observe up to 90 % of sequence alterations. Array CGH will lose little omissions and MLPA can non observe balanced translocations and is sensitive to drosss. Therefore some mutants are being missed. Linkage analysis can be between 90 % -95 % effectual in households that have multiple members affected by the disease. The consequences of linkage give symptomless household members the hazard they have of transporting the mutant. However, if these hazards are non below 5 % or above 95 % they are non really utile in clinic. Furthermore non all households will hold multiple affected members to be able to transport out linkage. Additionally decreased protein look may give rise to disease but causative mutants can be really hard to happen because they may be in regulative countries ( Burt and Neklason, 2005 ) . If a patient presented to clinic with FAP phenotype but when tested no mutant could be found on the APC cistron it is deserving proving the MYH cistron for mutants. The phenotype of MYH-associated polyposis ( MAP ) is similar but less terrible than FAP and it is inherited recessively. It is of import to separate between these different types so that the mutants can be identified so other members of the household can be screened. It is besides of import to handle the patient accurately. 25 % of instances of FAP arise as self-generated APC mutants ( Davidson, 2007 ) . Merely kids of these patients would be at hazard of being a bearer of the mutant. However as these patients will hold no household history an inexperient clinician may non recognize the status as being FAP. HNPCC Persons with HNPCC have an increased hazard of developing CRC. It is the most common signifier of familial CRC accounting for between 3-5 % of all instances ( Davidson, 2007 ) . It is an autosomal dominant status and people who inherit the status have early oncoming of colon malignant neoplastic disease ( A ; lt ; 40years ) . Tumours develop chiefly in proximal colon and a individual affected often has household history of colon malignant neoplastic disease or other associated malignant neoplastic diseases such as endometrial, ovarian, encephalon, little intestinal, pancreatic and urinary piece of land ( Davidson, 2007 ) . However there is no typical signifier of phenotype for HNPCC. It is of import though, due to the higher life-time hazard of developing these malignant neoplastic diseases, to name households affected, so that preventive showing can be offered. Diagnosis The first measure to name HNPCC is when a patient nowadayss in clinic. A standard known as the Amsterdam standards was devised over 15 old ages ago which must be met for an person to be clinically diagnosed. This method has been criticised as being excessively stiff. There are now adopted versions of this standard, such as the Modified Amsterdam and Modified Bethesda. These other standards are more inclusive but less specific for HNPPC. When a household is identified as potentially holding HNPCC, they are eligible for diagnostic showing. HNPCC causes a higher hazard of CRC due to a germline mutant of a mismatch fix ( MMR ) cistron. The cell is so unable to treat DNA fix. Mutation bearers exhibit a characteristic phenotype termed microsatellite instability, characterised by enlargement or contraction of short repetition sequences of Deoxyribonucleic acid at multiple venue ( Syngal et al, 1999 ) . Pathogenic mutants have been found at four mismatch fix cistrons ( MSH2, MHL1, PMS2 and MSH6 ) , but so far most HNPCC instances are caused by mutants in either MLH1 or MSH2 ( Muller et al. , 2004 ) . High microsatellite instability is a signal that the MMR cistron is lacking. A tumor is considered MSI high or unstable if more than 40 % of the venue show instability ( Burt and Neklason, 2005 ) . If an MMR-high reading is found, a farther diagnostic trial, Immunohistochemical staining can be used to place which cistron is most likely to be mutated. This looks for the MMR proteins MSH2, MLH1 and MSH6 in the tumour tissue. In 50 % -70 % of instances, mutants in mismatch fix cistrons can be found by DNA sequencing and the larger omissions and rearrangements which tend to be common in HNPCC can be found by Southern Blotting. Southern Blotting will happen the mutant in a farther 10 % -20 % of people, where sequencing could non. Deductions In clinic a diagnosing is dependent on a patient s household history. If the household history fits the Amsterdam or any of the modified standards so they can be identified as potentially holding HNPPC. However this method of naming has possible defects. A elaborate household history may non be given by the patient as they may non be in contact with other household members or they may go forth out information that they do non believe is critical, such as endometrial malignant neoplastic disease. The sensitiveness of the Amsterdam standards is between 54 % -91 % and the specificity is between 62 % -84 % . This means that a significant figure of HNPCC households could be excluded from proving and testing. The sensitiveness of MSI trials are 62 % . Therefore excess cautiousness should be used when construing consequences, particularly negative consequences. In 15 % of sporadic instances of CRC, MSI can be detected. This occurs due to methylation of the 5CpG island in the boos ter part ( Muller et al. , 2004 ) . The consequence of this trial may take you to believe that the proband has HNPPC and therefore them and their households would be at higher hazard of developing CRC. However this is non caused by a heritable mutant in the germline. In add-on this phenomenon exposes a corresponding restriction in the usage of IHC because MLH1 protein look is lost in tumor every bit good ( Lynch et al. , 2007 ) Additionally, dependable consequences for MSI can merely be obtained if adequate cells are right amplified to look at the microsatellite venue. These trials do non pick up all instances of HNPCC as approximately 10 % of IHC trials will be falsely negative, i.e. protein discoloration is present even though the related cistron is mutationally inactivated ( Burt and Neklason, 2005 ) . This could take to the bar of early sensing. Diagnostic intervention can besides give false positive consequences ; this can take to people having testing that do non necessitat e it and this may take to unneeded psychological emphasis. MSI and IHC trials complement each other and therefore both should ever be taken into history. When the cistron is identified that is likely to be mutated, sequence analysis or Southern Blotting can be performed to place the mutant. However this consequence is non ever informative for households as it can be hard to clearly specify a infective mutant. This means that it is non possible to test other household members for a known mutant. Besides in up to 10 % of people a mutant may non be found. Finally when taking an index instance to look for the mutant, the youngest affected individual should be chose. The older a patient is the more likely their malignant neoplastic disease is sporadic. However in a household the youngest affected individual may non hold to be tested. This leaves it harder to accomplish the consequences wanted. Decision The most hard portion of proving for CRC is cognizing who to prove. In FAP there is a clear phenotype but there are discrepancies such as AFAP and MAP. These besides benefit from proving. HNCPP has no clear phenotype and is much harder to estimate who would profit from proving. There are standards set in topographic point to assist this procedure but as mentioned some people are over looked. For both conditions no individual trial is sufficient to place the mutant. Some mutants may non even be identified and therefore it is of import that a adviser non merely measure the patient on their trial consequences but besides on their clinical diagnosing. Trial consequences are non required for disease direction but are helpful for placing other household members who are at hazard. Mentions Burt, R. A ; Neklason, D. , W. ( 2005 ) . Familial Testing for Inherited Colon Cancer.Gastroenterology128: 1696-1716 Davidson, N. , O. ( 2007 ) . Familial testing in colorectal malignant neoplastic disease: who, when, how and why.Keio Journal of Medicine56 ( 1 ) : 14-20 Lynch, P. , M. ( 2007 ) . New Issues in Genetic Counseling of Hereditary Colon Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 13: 6857s-6861s Muller, A. , Giuffre, G. , Edmonston, T. , B. , Heinmoller, E. , Brodegger, T. , Tuccari, G. , Mangold, E. , Buettner, R. , A ; Ruschoff, J. ( 2004 ) . Challenges and Pitfalls in HNPCC Screening by Microsatellite Analysis and Immunohistochemistry.Journal of Molecular Nosologies6 ( 4 ) : 308-315 Syngal, S. , Fox, E. , A. , Li, C. , Dovidio, M. , Eng, C. , Kolondner, R. , D. , A ; Garber, J. , E. ( 1999 ) . Interpretation of Familial Test Results for Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer: Deductions for Clinical Predisposition Testing.Journel of the American Medical Association282 ( 3 ) : 247-253 Bibliography Boultwood, J. A ; Fidler, C. ( 2002 ) .Molecular Analysis of Cancer, Humana Press, New Jersey. Chen, S. , Watson, P. A ; Parmigiani, G. ( 2005 ) . Accuracy of MSI Testing in Predicting Germline mutants of MSH2 and MLH1: a instance survey in Bayesian meta-analysis of diagnostic trials without a god criterion.Biometricss6 ( 3 ) : 450-464 Kerr, D. , J. , Young, A. , M. A ; Hobbs, F. , D. , R. ( 2002 ) .ABC of Colorectal Cancer, BMJ, London. Taylor, I. , Garcia-Aguilar, J. A ; Goldberg, S. , M. ( 2002 ) .Colorectal Cancer 2nd edition, Health Press, London Tomlinson, I. , Ilyas, M. A ; Novelli, M. ( 1997 ) .Molecular Geneticss of Colon Cancer. Cancer and Metastasis Reviews 16: 67-69 Walther, A. , Johnstone, E. , Swanton, C. , Midgley, R. , Tomlison, I. and Kerr, D. ( 2009 ) . Familial Prognostic and Predictive Markers in Colorectal Cancer.Nature Reviews 9: 489-499

Argumentative Writing with Stylistic Devices

Argumentative Writing with Stylistic Devices Argumentative Writing with Stylistic Devices The fact that argumentative papers are actually the most difficult papers to write is very common. However, there are many things involved in writing such. On many occasions when you are putting up an argument, people are not buying what you are writing or saying just because it is the truth. Readers usually tend to look at the beauty of what you are putting into words and how sophisticated and stylish it is. This is why you have to do everything possible to garnish your argumentative paper with numerous stylistic devices. There are many of them, but we will treat only 7 of the most popular ones. Rhetorical question This is actually one of the best stylistic devices you can attract attention to your argument with. It is the concept of asking questions for the simple sake of making an effect, and not because you need an answer. It is used to emphasize a thing that is already known, and it does the job of drawing attention or making the audience reflect over the mentioned issue. For example, who will defend the poor if the government does not involve itself in it?. Metaphor This is another great stylistic device. Here, you try to identify a word or phrase as a similar thing to something it does not have any relationship with. It is still a rhetorical tool used to draw attention to a particular situation. It simply highlights the similarities between the two, which may not be existent after all. An example of a metaphor is orange is the new black. Parallelism This is another great device you must form the habit of using here. You try to draw some parallel between parts of the same sentence. It involves using similar structure/construction in several clauses. This is mainly used to give a good pattern to the passage. An example is what you do in the dark will be revealed, what you do in the open will be revealed. Irony Irony is a good device that entails using an expression to give an opposite meaning. Here, what you say is exactly the opposite of what you mean. This is used to show some emphasis and actually bring some level of humor to your argumentative essay. For example, I hate life because it is very sweet. Repetition Another very important device that is used in the course of argumentative essays. Here, you simply repeat words within the same poetic line or within the same sentence in no particular order. This has a way of making the sentence or even phrases very emphatic and also beautiful to read. Many people do not see this as a stylistic device or figure of speech, but that is actually what it is. For instance what is worth doing is worth doing well. Personification This is described as the concept of attributing the characteristics of human beings to animals and inanimate objects. You make it look as if they have human feelings and behavior. This will always make your narrative more lively and interesting. And that is what your argumentative essay needs to make it less official-like and more reader-friendly. An example is â€Å"The proofs hang over this statement to crash it when the time comes. Hyperbole This is the stylistic device for argumentative writing that is also known as deliberate exaggeration. It is seldom used, and it simply means the use of highly exaggerated terms to draw emphasis and attention to your message. An example is The room was seemingly capable of holding millions of people. So, all in all if you are good at argumentative paper writing without these stylistic devices, it’s certainly more than great. But, in case you are eager to emphasize the message and strengthen your persuasion, these are the tools you must use. Make your academic writing more efficient with the means of stylistics.

7 Vehicular Violations of Proper English

7 Vehicular Violations of Proper English 7 Vehicular Violations of Proper English 7 Vehicular Violations of Proper English By Mark Nichol Advertising in the form of signage printed on vehicles is a road hazard when exasperating errors and extraneous elements in the mobile messaging distract motorists. Here are photographs of seven moving violations, with commentary. The motto painted on this truck not only commits a quintuple-overkill foul but also is flatly incorrect. The worst infraction, beyond the extraneous quotation marks framing the message, appears to be the placement for emphasis of an additional set of quotation marks around only. (If one wishes to employ one set of quotation marks inside another, the interior ones in American English, at least should be single; in British English, the order is reversed. But here, neither set is necessary.) But that’s still not enough the word is also placed at a jaunty, pseudo-italicized angle, underlined, and printed in a different font and color than the rest of the slogan. Just one or two forms of accentuation would have been sufficient. The worst error, however, is that the company is not the â€Å"only† overhead-door professional (note the insertion of a missing hyphen in the previous phrase); it may be the sole provider of overhead-door services in its home city, but then the motto should close with â€Å"in town.† But why not simply say, without quotation marks or any other emphasis, â€Å"Our overhead-door service rises above the rest!† Was that motto already taken? This sign sports merely mild mistakes, but they’re insistently irritating, like a small burr in one’s sock. Note the extra letter spaces between the (unnecessary) open and close quotation marks bracketing â€Å"We’re Affordable.† The hyphen in â€Å"Clean-Outs† (which should be â€Å"Cleanouts†) also hangs in midair, as do the hyphens separating the elements of the phone number. There is so much wrong with this superficially satisfying vehicle signage. First, too many fonts compete with each other. Then, the letters in the slogan â€Å"Quality Is Our Main Ingredient† are too widely spread, while those in the next line are too compact and then the elements of the phone number are nearly segregated into different time zones. The middle word in the phrase after Flik, strictly speaking, shouldn’t start with an uppercase letter; of is one of the â€Å"little words† that doesn’t merit capitalization in display type. (However, capitalizing it is a defensible style choice.) But the inexcusable error is the misspelling of member. Nobody at the sign shop and nobody at the client company noticed that? Really? Busy, busy, busy. Too many colors, too many fonts, too many words. The key crime, however, is the common error of mistakenly styling a plural construction as if it were a plural one. This sign implies that love flowers belong to Mom. The message, however, should read, â€Å"Moms Love Flowers.† No job is too small, but sometimes words are to should be too. This asininely assertive window panel proves that everyone has the right to appear stupid, too. The oddly inconsistent swelling treatment of the letters in each line notice how the characters in the lines beginning with everyone and to grow and recede in size from left to right, but the words in the third and fourth lines are uniformly sized might distract viewers from the unfortunate fact that but is amusingly misspelled and the wrong spelling of you’re is employed. Write English correctly, or . . . . This fortunately ephemeral expression is head-slappingly hilarious. One hopes (and presumes) that the â€Å"sineor† girl who sprayed this signage a couple of years ago assuming she graduated is not employed in the wordsmithing world. These images are from the websites Apostrophe Abuse, English Fail Blog, Funnies.com, The Great Typo Hunt, and The â€Å"Blog† of â€Å"Unnecessary† Quotation Marks. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Examples of Passive Voice (And How To Fix Them)Telling a Good Poem from a Bad One50 Musical Terms Used in Nonmusical Senses

Understand and Apply the Principles of Liability in Negligence a Essay

Understand and Apply the Principles of Liability in Negligence a Business Context - Essay Example Understand and apply the principles of liability in negligence a business context A business at a given time is bound to be liable for some acts either it has committed or has been committed by any third party who had the ability, right or duty to control the activities of the business. Example of this relationship is that of employer and employee, or that of a parent and a child. Vicarious liability assigns liability for an injury or loss to a person who did not actually cause the injury but has a special legal relationship to the person who acted negligently (Bermingham and Brennan, 2008, p. 27). As has been noted, a business can at a given time be bound to be liable for some acts, and particularly those committed by another person who has special legal relationship with the business. So, how can a business be vicariously liable? There are different incidences in which a business can be vicariously liable. For example, the owner of a car can be held vicariously liable for negligence that was committed by his driver. In an event that a driver commits a negligent act such as exceeding speed limit and as a results causes an accident, the owner (can be a registered business) of the car may be liable for the loss suffered by the owner of the other car or for the injury suffered by the other person involved in the accident.Vicarious liability in this context is based on the assumption that the owner of the car has provided the car for a particular use, and therefore the operator of the car is acting as the agent of the owner. The same assumption is also applied in circumstances whereby the owner of the car lends a car to a friend. Another example of an incidence where a business can be vicariously liable is that which involves a bank that is performing car repossession from the registered owner because of non-payment; the bank has a duty not to cause peace breach when undertaking the repossession. If its agent do cause then it will be liable for the damages as noted in the case of MBank El Paso v. Sanchez (Giliker, P, 2010, p. 21). Generally, v icarious liability operates within the law of torts. Its general rule is that a person who authorizes a tort will be liable personally for injuries or losses that arise as a result. It should be noted that vicarious liability operates within certain circumstances which requires that a person should be liable only in circumstances where special legal relationship exists with the person who has committed negligent act. Vicarious liability has been said to have some merits. The first one is that it is easier for the claimant to attach blame precisely to a responsible person. The second merit is that it makes the owner of a business to impose caution the persons in control of activities thereby helping it avoid avoidable losses (Henderson, 2002, p. 313). 2. Legal principles relating to the vicarious liability have developed through the case law to create scenarios that vicarious liability operates in the field of employment law. Mainly, it has created five main scenarios as demonstrated in the chart below: Always directly liable; always vicariously liable; may be vicariously liable; not vicariously liable; and is always vicariously liable Vicarious Liability Under the tort of negligence, employers are vicariously liable for the torts committed by their employees in the course of employment. Two main reasons have been cited for the justification of vicariously liability imposition on the employers: since the employees help the employers make profit,

Effects on the 9-11 Attack Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Effects on the 9-11 Attack - Essay Example The final airline was meant to crash at Washington D. C. but crashed in Pennsylvania (Gould and Esteban 1459). This is known to be the worst terrorist attack in history that resulted to the loss of approximately three thousand lives and destruction of property worth millions of dollars. One of the most commonly discussed issue across the globe is relation to stereotypes against some of the people from the Gulf States. This got worse after the 9/11 attacks where people from the Muslim religion were treated with mistrust and suspicion (Gould and Esteban 1460). The media has been playing a key role in propagation stereotypes against Muslims as they are depicted as being violent and are treated with suspicion. Although, Muslims have been treated with suspicion over the years, the situation got worse after the 9/11 attack. Following the 9/11 attacks, serious concerns were raised concerning airport security during this period (Gould and Esteban 1461). It became apparent that terrorists were managing to go through the security checkpoints that had been put in place and board airlines with not hindrances. Security measures across were beefed up across airports, ports and public places including schools, malls and bus stations and all other places that could be a target for terror attacks. This was in a move to prevent similar attacks from taking place. Before the attack, airport security was provided by private contractors however, after the attack, the transport Security Administration was put in charge of screening in all US airports (Roberts 45). Additionally, bulletproof cockpits were introduced as a standard to all commercial airlines. Passengers are not allowed to enter into the cockpit and some planes have CCTV cameras to keep an eye on cabin activity. During the 9/11 attacks, the terrorists had tampered with the metal detectors allowing them to pass through the metal detectors (McEachern 229). This led to the tightening

THE CAPTIVITY AND RESTORATION OF MRS. MARY ROWLANDSON Essay

THE CAPTIVITY AND RESTORATION OF MRS. MARY ROWLANDSON - Essay Example s though, the presence of the English were clearly threatening their control of the territory in which they have already established agricultural interests. However, Mrs. Rowlandson, who was captured by the Native Americans, was able to observe the cultural values of her captors. During her captivity, she was able to realize that the Native Americans did have their own degree of civilization although this may not fall within the standards of the Europeans. Just like the rest of the colonists though, Mrs. Rowlandson actually had the impression that the Native Americans were plainly uncivilized brutes. In the narrative, that attack made by Native Americans on the English population only reinforced her very negative impression. She wrote that â€Å"on the tenth of February 1675, came the Indians with great numbers upon Lancaster.†1 She then proceeded to describe the brutality that the Native Americans attacked every household in the community. It was during the attack also that her home was burned down by the raiders and she and the members of her family were abducted. Her children were separated from her. The only one that was with her as she was carried away by a group of Native Americans was her youngest child, who was still a baby. It was not only her prejudice of the Native Americans that made her conclude at this point that they were indeed heathens. What she saw was more than enough to strengthen such notion. However, her r eligiousness might have been a factor also. Apparently, she had not exactly seen hell but when she saw how the Native Americans celebrate, she described the place as a â€Å"lively resemblance of hell.†2 During the course of her captivity though, she began to notice that the Native Americans are not at all the savages that she thought they are. This perspective was developed during that time when she was already made to work for those whom she considered ‘masters.’ It was also at that time when she noticed that the Native

Answer The 5 Questions Provided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer The 5 Questions Provided - Essay Example For instance, in more mature markets, values such as prestige hold more sway than in less mature markets, where such things as fuel efficiency and overall cost of ownership are more important product values. So again the marketing has to be somewhat targeted to different markets rather than general or standardized for all markets. There are country arrangements such as those that exist between North and South Korea that involve the latter limiting imports of fresh produce and other farm products from the former. This hurts South Korea too, given that in general the country benefits from having more ample food sources from more places, in the same way that it hurts North Korea’s ability to make profits from its agricultural work. The idea too is that North Korea may be in a position to supply farm produce at lower prices, introducing some competition to improve farming methods and yields at home for South Korea (Yonhap News Agency). Between American and France there is a world of cultural differences and attitudes surrounding feminine values, especially with regard to what they wear, and the same applies to certain apparel, such as blue jeans. In France there is a sensitivity to blue jeans being an American product, and there may be some fashion resistance springing from France’s proud culture to the adoption of blue jeans among women. On the other hand in America there is no adoption and acceptance problem of the kind that may be present in France. Therefore in magazine advertising in particular these cultural influences, of jaded attitudes towards garments that have heavy American connotations, there has to be sensitivity to crafting messages that tone down the American elements of blue jeans in France. Recent moves by government in Colombia point toward the further strengthening of the government institutions in the country, which augur well for the

Academic writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Academic writing - Essay Example Its crystal that shock to the head from sports like boxing, rugby, American football and ice hockey have caused long term brain injuries to the associated players. The latest game coming into the light about brain injuries sustained from head collisions is soccer. According to the Legendary Pele, Ball heading resulting from play is supposed to be done using the forehead with clenched fists. It can also be done using the tensed neck muscle and failure to that resulted in misdirected play and a greater impact on the brain. This is because a header caused one’s mind to shake in the skull. When it came to children they either failed to follow the necessary steps while heading or are not strong enough. Considering that they are still growing, their neck muscles even though tensed are not adequately strong to protect their skulls from absorption of the elevated G-force. Since their heads are big and wobble in proportion to the whole body than adults, the brain is likely to shake ins ide the skull on impact. In comparison to a 6-year-old non-developmentally ready to pass the ball, 12-year-old should not be allowed to head. Studies have also established that children take longer to heal mental children as compared to adults. They are also more susceptible to injuries because their skull is not well developed to sustain external forces (Cantu and Hayman, 2014). Since children aren’t able to decide and prepare how appropriately to head the ball, they are more susceptible to head injuries. Such injuries may be attributed to the inadequacy in strength to head, awareness in the best heading way or not well-coordinated to head. Furthermore, the neck muscles are not well developed to hold the head steadily and deal with the impact from heading. While watching a children’s game, it won’t take long notice that heading is useless. It’s always a result of guesswork and done randomly with closed eyes and the ball non-directional. The ball in most cases makes contact

Answer The 5 Questions Provided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer The 5 Questions Provided - Essay Example For instance, in more mature markets, values such as prestige hold more sway than in less mature markets, where such things as fuel efficiency and overall cost of ownership are more important product values. So again the marketing has to be somewhat targeted to different markets rather than general or standardized for all markets. There are country arrangements such as those that exist between North and South Korea that involve the latter limiting imports of fresh produce and other farm products from the former. This hurts South Korea too, given that in general the country benefits from having more ample food sources from more places, in the same way that it hurts North Korea’s ability to make profits from its agricultural work. The idea too is that North Korea may be in a position to supply farm produce at lower prices, introducing some competition to improve farming methods and yields at home for South Korea (Yonhap News Agency). Between American and France there is a world of cultural differences and attitudes surrounding feminine values, especially with regard to what they wear, and the same applies to certain apparel, such as blue jeans. In France there is a sensitivity to blue jeans being an American product, and there may be some fashion resistance springing from France’s proud culture to the adoption of blue jeans among women. On the other hand in America there is no adoption and acceptance problem of the kind that may be present in France. Therefore in magazine advertising in particular these cultural influences, of jaded attitudes towards garments that have heavy American connotations, there has to be sensitivity to crafting messages that tone down the American elements of blue jeans in France. Recent moves by government in Colombia point toward the further strengthening of the government institutions in the country, which augur well for the

Career Development in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Career Development in Nursing - Essay Example Simultaneously, ICN also emphasizes encouraging researches and debates concerning women’s health related issues. ICN strongly believes that these strategies will bring a significant change in the women’s fundamental rights to health by creating awareness. Furthermore, ICN strictly discourages the trafficking and exploitation of women in their workplaces. In its position paper, ICN deciphers its concern about the health hazards witnessed by women populaces. To name a few, HIV syndrome, ill health or lack of nutrition during their pregnancy and inadequate awareness regarding health issues as well as their fundamental rights can be observed as the common challenges in case of women’s health. ICN also significantly focuses on the establishment and on the enforcement of effective legal steps to discourage the violence against women, which has been reported to increase at an alarming rate. ICN also urges governmental bodies and all other concerned parties emphasizing w omen’s health to generate awareness regarding human rights (International Council of Nurses, 2012). Importance of Women’s health Women population constitutes a significant proportion in the global demography. According to the position statement of ICN, it can be observed that the female populaces comprise 60% among every one billion Below Poverty Line (BPL) population in the global economies. Furthermore, it has been observed that every 960 million illiterate adults worldwide include two-third women. Again, every 130 million children who have been recorded to discontinue their education comprise 70% girls. Most of these women and girls are observed to belong from economically backward regions which illustrate a significant reason... This paper approves that the position statement put forward by ICN regarding women’s health in the global arena reveals various difficulties faced by them all around the world. The report depicts that women populaces worldwide, are intensely affected by the ways they are treated and the position that is rendered to them within the society. The report depicts that there are various causing factors which intend to contribute to the women’s health problems in the global society. Some of the major causing factors can be identified as unequal power distribution in the social context on the basis of gender, poverty and limited access to nursing facilities among others. In its position paper, ICN describes its various initiatives in the form of holding international agendas to develop strategies for the betterment of women’s health in the global arena and thereby securing their rights to freedom as well as well-being. This essay makes a conclusion that with reference to the above it can be observed that women, in the current day context, need to witness various challenges and suffer violent treatments from their surroundings which contribute towards deteriorating developments of the overall community. Contextually, there are various factors which tend to contribute to such issues. The most apparent reasons in relation to the declination of women’s health can be identified as poverty and lack of adequate awareness concerning their fundamental rights and health. It is worth mentioning in this regard that assuring women’s health must be considered with due significance as a means to ensure the prosperity of the entire community.

Physical Education Essay Example for Free

Physical Education Essay Brief Description of Teaching Approach Used by the Teacher: Direct instruction- a lecturing method of teaching because it can cover large amount of materials in a short period of time. Teaching Aids used Strengths Weaknesses Comments on Appropriateness of the Teaching Aids used Chalk board Handouts Books White board Used as a medium for verbal communication It is economical and reusable Aid learning and increase attention and motivation and help students to follow the development of idea. Could be react for instruction, recreation or entertainment Easier to hold and does not generate dust  It does not provide a permanent record This is a role of no confidence in students note taking, some of them may feel cheated because they took notes unnecessarily. Dependent about the ideas that is written in the book The white board background can cause problems to those with vision impairment The chalk board is often neglected and it does not get the proper care it deserves. Using handouts or not is an act management not simply of information-giving books are effective to use as an instructional tool because it makes students to think and understand clearly about the lesson  is effective to use because it does not generate dust that comes from using and erasing chalks Your Analysis 1. What do you think prompted the teacher to choose the materials/learning resources that she/he used? 2. What difficulties, if any, did the teacher experience? How can this be managed? 3. Over-all, were the learning resources /materials used effectively? Why ? Why not? Charlene Atig Technology is a tool for a meaningful learning. During our observation in a particular class a teacher used chalk board during her presentation of lessons. I think teacher prompted to choose the materials/learning resources that she used was it’s because she conceived that those aids was effective and suit to her students’ needs of learning. And in other cares, maybe a teacher can’t use a power point presentation it’s because there is no availability or lack of computers those instructional materials that can be used in teaching. A teacher should facilitate evaluative process by focusing students’ attention in the effectiveness, efficiency of instructional materials. Teacher experienced the difficulty especially students showing restlessness or boredom to the presentation. So, it is often helpful for a teacher to shoe genuine interest to the students. Or if not, she need to change her strategies in teaching, aside from using visual aid, it’s better to use power point presentation because it attracts students look and attention. I can’t say that all those learning resources/materials were effective in used to the students. Teacher was still need to adjust her plans to match the changing interest and needs of the learners. During the discussion, students show boredom about the presentation of the lesson because visual aid for me describe as a dry tool to be used to the learners. Maybe, until now, that aid is effective to some but using technology can create a meaningful learning that transmits students effectively. It is much better to use power point to present well the lessons clearly including some examples especially pictures. Ellvine Pia Bonocan During our observation, the instructional materials that were used by the teacher were chalkboard, whiteboard, handouts, and books. The very common teaching aids used in classroom. I think the teacher used those instructional materials because she thought that it would be more effective to use those things or strategies. Maybe she still not used to a power point presentation. At the time that we observed, the students were reporting about a particular topic given by their teacher. I think the difficulties that the teacher experienced were: she can’t manage the class and the way her students behaved while having a reporting because some were texting and some were chatting with their classmates. I guess, for the teacher to manage those unnecessary things done by her students during the reporting would become lessen if only if she will give her full attention to her students and telling the students to listen and stop doing something while the reporting is still going on. The learning resources were somehow not effective because for me using that instructional materials nowadays is dry and boring to look at. The students won’t focus on the report because they’ll feel bored looking the same things used in reporting. There is a need to enhance the ways or strategies that the teacher applied. She must tell her students to used power point in their report so that the class would be lively and they will focus in the reporting. There will be more interaction between teacher and students. To also developed student’s participation in class activities for that matter. Annie Rose Calumpang At this time and age, teachers have a wide a choices on what instructional materials to use. However, when I visited the classroom and observed what instructional materials or teaching aids that is used by the teacher the most common instructional materials used are the chalkboard, handouts, books, and whiteboard. Teacher used these instructional materials because its inexpensiveness and it is economical and reusable. When we observed a class, that time, the students are reporting about the topic that the teacher assigned to them. The difficulty I observed in the teacher she can’t handle the attitude of the students. Some of the students are talking and got bored in the report because the reporters does not explain their report they always read without analyzing the assigned topic. To manage this, teacher should tell the students to give a copy about their report to their classmates so that they will listen to the reports. The learning resource/materials are used effectively because students learning become more interactive through applying accepted learning theory. There is an interaction between students and teacher which can enhance the student’s participation or cooperation Roxanne R. dela Cruz The teacher might think that the materials she used might attract and will stand as a reminder to the students who see it. It could be a resourceful tool to student to master such learning objects. The difficulties of a teacher would be the strategy they’ll make if they are going to present pictures or illustrations to make it more clear and can easily understood. The materials were effective more some reasons but not enough for this new generation because the school has poor learning materials it might cause students to be NOT more competent and well-prepared in the future. Reflection Charlene Atig As a future MAPEH teacher someday, I will first have my self-evaluation for the improvement of learning. I used aids that create and contain well organized Teaching aid materials. In my case, I should prefer to use slide presentation because I think this aid present an applicable future understanding about the needs of the learners and can really enhance instruction. And at the end of the activity, students can gain competence in developing and utilizing materials (slide presentation) which involve students in meaningful learning. At this point student show interest to the lesson being presented. Ellvine Pia Bonocan Being a teacher is not that easy in fact it’s enjoyable dealing or teaching different type of students. If I put myself in the place of the teacher where we had our observation, the thing that I would do similarly is to give student’s reports so that they can practice facing people or the class and to help them develop their communication skills and to build self-confidence through reporting. The thing that I will do differently is to change the teaching strategy that was used by the teacher. If I will become a teacher soon, I want to make the students or class lively in a way that the students won’t get bored in the class because that is the only or reason why students don’t want to listen to the reports or discussions. So, to minimize this, you as a teacher, you must find ways to entertain student’s interests, you should have a sense of humor so that they’ll not get bored sitting and listening to the report or discussion. You must be patient enough to find  ways or strategies that will be suit to student’s interest to make your discussion more interactive and at the same time effective. So, to awaken them, you must tell your students to make their reports using a power point presentation because nowadays this is commonly used instead of using visual aids. They should learn how to use a power point presentation in reporting not to give their financial problem but to help them discover the use of technology nowadays because in this generation it’s really needed and useful. Annie Rose Calumpang If I were on the part of the teacher, the teaching skills that I would similar to her teaching strategies are the way I incorporate the instructional materials into a lessons like giving handouts to the students about the topic and the way I applied my teaching strategies to encouraged students to be active and alert during the learning process like asking question to the students about the topic, then each of the students should have an answered to that questioned, so that, there is an interaction between the teacher and the students to make learning process became more interesting. Then the different strategy that I would do to make students motivate well in the learning process before I discussed the lessons to the students, a number of questioned about the topic can served from the students to arouse their interest and focus their attention to the topic. As a whole, learning is meaningful when it is connected to the student’s everyday life. A good teaching enhanced students to interact in different classroom activities to make teaching learning possible. Roxanne dela Cruz As a student in the field of arts I’m going to make things clear and try my best to do more original illustration. I’ll motivate my students to learn more than just the content on the objects they see. Student-centered will be my primary objective.

How The Fashion World Affects Teenage Girls

How The Fashion World Affects Teenage Girls Teenage girls represent a meticulous demographic and they are often self-conscious as they develop and mature into young adults. Their preferences in fashion are also changing (Ang 2010) and their choices clearly influence how the fashion world and the media portray fashionable women. This paper intends to prove that the way Fashion World portray women can promote eating disorders, which is a serious mental health issue. These days, news stands have been displaying fashion magazines with images of women who are often thin. Similarly, the television is also portraying more and more thin women. Bones are becoming more apparent and implants are now replacing the real breast. Since most supermodels and actors featured in fashion magazine are skinny, they risk kidney failure, osteoporosis and even infertility (Rowland 2001). However, teenage girls do not realize the risks associated with being skinny. For most teenage girls, the perfect person they want to be is a supermodel or a fashionable actor and the focus mostly is on external appearance. This is the reason why most teenagers today are unsatisfied with their appearance, which affects their diet and self-confidence (Rowland 2001). Based on the survey made by Reuters, almost 9 out of 10 teenage girls stated that they feel pressured to be skinny by the fashion world. Today, most fashion models weigh approximately 23 percent less than the normal woman. Indeed, most models do not represent average women. A research discovered that majority of models are between the ages of 14 and 19 and their average height is approximately 510 to 511 and their average weight is around 120 to 124 pounds. The healthy weight for women around this height must be between 142-150 pounds. It shows a significant difference and to mention that 124 pounds for 510 women are considered as unhealthy (The Effects of Fashion Industry on Eating Disorders 2010). A huge contributing factor to this concern is that most influential people of the fashion industry promote the use of overly thin models in fashion shows and editorials. For instance, Chanel designer Karl Lagerfield stated that those people who said that skinny models are ugly are only jealous and fat. Lagerfield has been quoted stated that These are fat mummies sitting with their bags of crisps in front of the television, saying that thin models are ugly. This opinion is not only repulsive but it can influence the fashion world that most people encourage this idea. Apart from Lagerfield, world-renowned fashion writer Kelly Cutrone defends employing skinny models by stating that Clothes look better on thin people since the fabric hang better (The Effects of Fashion Industry on Eating Disorders 2010). Fashion worlds obsession towards skinny women clearly pressured teenage girls to become skinny. Continuous exposure to images of thin fashion models often reduces self-esteem among teenage girls (Smith 2008). In order to improve their self-esteem, adolescents tried to seek ways in order to acquire a super slim figure. This resulted in increased cases of eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia nervosa (The Effects of Fashion Industry on Eating Disorders 2010). Based on the studies of Washington-based American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, figures of eating disorder cases has doubled since 1960s in the United States with an approximately ten million girls and women who are affected by bulimia nervosa, anorexia and other eating disorders. Anorexia nervosa pertains to excessive weight loss and self-starvation. A teenage girl is considered having anorexia if she loses 15 percent of weight or when growing adolescents failed to reach at least eighty-five percent of minimal weight depending on age and height. Other symptoms of anorexia includes loss of menstrual period, excessive focus on shape and body weight, feeling overweight regardless of dramatic weight loss, having an intense fear of gaining fat or weight, sore throat, and refusing to sustain an acceptable body weight (Eating Disorders 2008). A teenage girl having anorexia are often perfectionist and high achiever in school. Girls who suffer from anorexia also suffer from low self-esteem and irrational belief that they are fat even though they are actually thin. They also experience a sense of control and often say no to the normal food demand of their bodies. Because of their willingness to become very slim, as demanded by the fashion world, the teenage girls will starve themselves. Eventually they could even suffer from serious illnesses and this could even result in death (Eating Disorders 2008). Bulimia nervosa is another eating disorder, which is often characterized by purging. This involves eating huge amounts of food in a short period and then getting rid of what they have eaten through vomiting, over-exercising and laxative abuse. It would be difficult to recognize bulimia since most people with this kind of disorder stay at normal body weight. Bulimia signifies a serious risk to the patients physical health such as dehydration, hormonal imbalance and damage to vital organs (Eating Disorders 2008). Based on the Philadelphia-based Renfrew Center Foundation, forty-seven percent of American girls from fifth through 12th grade claim that they want to become slim due to magazine pictures and 60 percent stated that magazines affect their ideas of desirable body type. The worst reality is that most teenage girls do not realize the every image of model in fashion magazines has been altered using the latest technology in order to remove bulges and any undesirables. Images in fashion magazines are often unrealistic, manipulated and airbrushed, yet they still place considerable pressure on teenage girls (Terzieff 2006). The fashion worlds emphasis on underweight models is clearly unacceptable and concerned people and individuals should find a solution in order to solve this dilemma. One good example are the actions made by the Council of Fashion Designers of America that created a CFDA initiatives that imposes specific recommendations to designers and magazines in order to solve this concern (Eating Disorders 2008). CFDAs solutions consists of the following: requiring models who have eating disorders to seek professional care and they will not be allowed to work without professional approval, providing healthy meals during photo shoot and runway shows and sharing information for models and the rest of the industry regarding eating disorders (Eating Disorders 2008). On the other hand, harsher means should be imposed. Sample size among women should increase. On the other hand, a committee that approves magazines and fashions shows before presenting their work should be created. These committees should create specific weigh standards and ensure that each girl in a fashion magazine or those who will walk on a runway. Even though this might require considerable time and money, this is completely necessary (The Effects of Fashion Industry on Eating Disorders 2010). One good example of a similar initiative is the solution by Spains fashion industry, which made international headlines not only for the clothes on display but also for the models size. The Madrid Regional government implemented a ban on skinny models for Madrid Fashion Week catwalks. The decision made also produce shock waves across international fashion industry (Terzieff 2006). Advocates even encourage the industry to expand the ban and create new standards on the weight and sizes of models. The government of Spains main intention is to encourage healthier body image. More than thirty percent of models who appeared in Madrid catwalks last year were disqualified because of the new guidelines. This would also prevent the participation of top models including Spains Esther Canadas, Brazils Fabiana, Estonian model Carmen Kass and Britains Kate Moss (Terzieff 2006). Conclusion Teenage girls represents a meticulous demographic and they are often self-conscious as they develop and mature into young adults. Their preferences in fashion are also changing (Ang 2010) and their choices are clearly influence how the fashion world and the media portray fashionable women. These days, newsstands have been displaying fashion magazines with images of women who are often thin. Similarly, the television is also portraying more and more thin women. Bones are becoming more apparent and implants are now replacing the real breast. Since most supermodels and actors featured in fashion magazine are skinny, they risk kidney failure, osteoporosis and even infertility (Rowland 2001). Fashion worlds obsession towards skinny women clearly pressured teenage girls to become skinny. Continuous exposure to images of thin fashion models often reduces self-esteem among teenage girls (Smith 2008). The worst reality is that most teenage girls do not realize the every image of model in fashion magazines has been altered using the latest technology in order to remove bulges and any undesirables. Images in fashion magazines are often unrealistic, manipulated and airbrushed, yet, they still place considerable pressure on teenage girls (Terzieff 2006). In order to improve their self-esteem, adolescents tried to seek ways in order to acquire a super slim figure. This resulted in increased cases of eating disorders such as bulimia and anorexia nervosa (The Effects of Fashion Industry on Eating Disorders 2010). The fashion worlds emphasis on underweight models is clearly unacceptable and concerned people and individuals should find a solution in order to solve this dilemma.

Capital Punishment Essay: Hypocrisy of the Death Penalty

The Hypocrisy of the Death Penalty If there is a desire by the American people to maintain the death penalty, let us at least be spared the hypocrisy of a justification by example.   The death penalty is a penalty, to be sure, a frightful torture, both physical and moral, but it provides no sure example except a demoralizing one. It punishes, but it forestalls nothing; indeed, it may even arouse the impulse to murder. It hardly seems to exist, except for the man who suffers it-- in his soul for months and years, in his body during the desperate and violent hour when he is cut in two without suppressing his life. Let us call it by the name which, for lack of any other nobility, will at least give the nobility of truth, and let us recognize it for what it is essentially: a revenge. A punishment that penalizes without forestalling is indeed called revenge. It is a quasi-arithmetical reply made by society to whoever breaks its primordial law. That reply is as old as man; it is called the law of retaliation. Whoever has done me harm must suffer harm; whoever has put out my eye m...

Mb0038 †Management Process and Organization Behavior

Explain the process of negotiation. Negotiation is a dialogue intended to resolve disputes, to produce an agreement upon courses of action, to bargain for individual or collective advantage, or to craft outcomes to satisfy various interests. It is the primary method of alternative dispute resolution. Negotiation occurs in business, non-profit organizations, government branches, legal proceedings, among nations and in personal situations such as marriage, divorce, parenting, and everyday life. The study of the subject is called negotiation theory.Professional negotiators are often specialized, such as union negotiators, leverage buyout negotiators, peace negotiators, hostage negotiators, or may work under other titles, such as diplomats, legislators or brokers. Negotiation typically manifests itself with a trained negotiator acting on behalf of a particular organization or position. It can be compared to mediation where a disinterested third party listens to each sides' arguments and attempts to help craft an agreement between the parties.It is also related to arbitration which, as with a legal proceeding, both sides make an argument as to the merits of their â€Å"case† and then the arbitrator decides the outcome for both parties. There are many different ways to segment negotiation to gain a greater understanding of the essential parts. One view of negotiation involves three basic elements: process, behavior and substance. The process refers to how the parties negotiate: the context of the negotiations, the parties to the negotiations, the tactics used by the parties, and the sequence and stages in which all of these play out.Behavior refers to the relationships among these parties, the communication between them and the styles they adopt. The substance refers to what the parties negotiate over: the agenda, the issues (positions and – more helpfully – interests), the options, and the agreement(s) reached at the end. Another view of negotia tion comprises 4 elements: strategy, process and tools, and tactics. Strategy comprises the top level goals – typically including relationship and the final outcome. Processes and tools include the steps that will be followed and the roles taken in both preparing for and negotiating with the other parties.Tactics include more detailed statements and actions and responses to others' statements and actions. Some add to this persuasion and influence, asserting that these have become integral to modern day negotiation success, and so should not be omitted. Skilled negotiators may use a variety of tactics ranging from negotiation hypnosis, to a straight forward presentation of demands or setting of preconditions to more deceptive approaches such as cherry picking. Intimidation and salami tactics may also play a part in swaying the outcome of negotiations.Another negotiation tactic is bad guy/good guy. Bad guy/good guy tactic is when one negotiator acts as a bad guy by using anger and threats. The other negotiator acts as a good guy by being considerate and understanding. The good guy blames the bad guy for all the difficulties while trying to get concessions and agreement from the opponent This is a unique combination framework that puts together the best of many other approaches to negotiation. It is particularly suited to more complex, higher-value and slower negotiations. Prepare: Know what you want.Understand them. Open: Put your case. Hear theirs. Argue: Support your case. Expose theirs. Explore: Seek understanding and possibility. Signal: Indicate your readiness to work together. Package: Assemble potential trades. Close: Reach final agreement. Sustain: Make sure what is agreed happens. There are deliberately a larger number of stages in this process as it is designed to break down important activities during negotiation, particularly towards the end. It is an easy trap to try to jump to the end with a solution that is inadequate and unacceptable.Note also that in practice, you may find variations on these, for example there may be loops back to previous stages, stages overlapping, stages running parallel and even out of order. The bottom line is to use what works. This process is intended to help you negotiate, but do not use it blindly. It is not magic and is not a substitute for thinking. If something does not seem to be working, try to figure out why and either fix the problem or try something else. Although there are commonalities across negotiations, each one is different and the greatest skill is to be able to read the situation in the moment and adapt as appropriate.

Referring to Iago’s soliloquy at the end of Act I scene III, examine what Shakespeare shows the audience about his character

Iago is one of the central characters within Shakespeare's ‘Othello' and is introduced extremely early in the play, Act I scene I. It is generally assumed from even this early in the play that Iago is cunning, plotting man as he converses with Rodrigo. Throughout the centuries the common opinion on Iago is that he is an insidious, misogynistic, materialistic, dissimulating character, among other things. Few critics have spoken in appraisal of Iago's character and actions. In act I scene III, Iago ends the scene with his first soliloquy. Soliloquies generally reveal a lot about a person's character to the audience, but this is the first time the audience gets a taste of his thoughts. He begins by discussing Rodrigo: ‘My fool my purse' This is particularly dissimulating as he had just been talking to Rodrigo, planning how to match make him with Desdemona. This is a running theme, Iago's manipulating, and two-faced dealings. This links with: ‘That thinks men honest that but seem to be so' As Rodrigo is not the only character in the play that falls for Iago's deceptions. The next part of the soliloquy that reveals a lot about Iago's character is his admittance to using Rodrigo for his own benefits: ‘But for my own sport and profit' Iago can use Rodrigo using his manipulative powers of speech, he deceives Rodrigo to gain money off him and use it for his own needs rather then on the task it was intended for. By referring to this task as a ‘sport' it also implies that Iago receives some pleasure from deceiving people, that he finds this fun and does this for his own fun. The audience is left doubting his character and feels sympathetic for the other characters involved in Iago's deception. Iago then reveals a possible motive for his inexcusable behavior: ‘that ‘twixt my sheets' Iago thought that at some point Othello had cuckolded him, led Emilia astray from their marital bed. Iago displayed the same reaction that most men would, and so felt betrayed and angry, although he did not know for sure that the act occurred. This is a good argument against Coleridge's critical comment on his actions. He described his actions as: ‘Motiveless malignity'. This does appear to be the case, to a certain extent. Especially for a modern day audience, we find it harder to accept that Iago would become so nasty to people so close to him, but to an Elizabethan audience it would be more believable without any motive behind him. This part of the speech may not excuse his behavior for the rest of the play, but it is a starting point, it gives the audience something to relate to, to begin to justify his actions. ‘Cassio is a proper man' with this sense of the word, proper means handsome rather then suitable. This appears to be a compliment to Cassio, but again Iago is using him for his own means. Iago can use Cassio's good looks and status in society to create the allusion of an affair with Desdemona. Othello only becomes jealous because there is something to be jealous of, if Cassio was not handsome and admirable Iago would have nothing to create the jealousy from. This is yet another example of Iago using people close to him to gain what he wants. Iago appears to be a character that is trusted, by almost everyone other than Desdemona. She comes across as more suspicious character, as she questions Iago rather then just falling for every word he says. Iago knows that his fellow soldiers and people in society trust him, yet another way in which he can use manipulation as there is grounds for him to manipulate. This is shown when he says: ‘The Moor is of a free and open nature, That thinks men honest that but seem to be so' Iago actually admits to his deceitful nature, and ridicules Othello for being so trusting. This is the entire base for the play; if Iago weren't so â€Å"trustworthy† then Othello would have no reason to believe his accusations of Desdemona. It is this perception that makes the play possible. Othello is Iago's general; therefore he should be respected, and not ridiculed, which he is in this soliloquy: ‘As asses are'. It is disrespectful for Iago to be referring to his general as a fool, whether he is a Blackamoor or not. This shows that Iago is not a decent character; he does not even have the decency to respect his general, let alone other aspects of his character. Towards the end of the soliloquy, Iago refers to: ‘Hell and night' Which would have been a lot more relevant to an Elizabethan audience as it represents the devil and malicious behavior. It is ironic that he uses devilish language, as he is associated with the devil due to his evil character. To emphasize this point, he also says: ‘Monstrous birth to the world's light'. This also would have had a greater impact on an Elizabethan audience, and this is only the beginning of the devilish language used by Iago. It was said by William Turnbull that: ‘Iago is an unbeliever in, and a denier of, all things spiritual, who only acknowledges God, like Satan, to defy him'. (Othello: A Critical Study, 269) This is proved throughout the play by constant references to the devil, night, dark and Iago's actual behavior and attitude to situations. Finally, this soliloquy shows a great deal in its length. Within twenty-two lines, Iago has explained his actions, had no plan and conceived a plan and becomes anxious to begin. This shows his ability to improvise quickly and leaves the audience wondering how often he uses this ability, when he was with Rodrigo? Othello? Cassio? To conclude, Shakespeare uses this particular soliloquy to allow the audience to see what we believe to be Iago's true personality. We learn that he is definitely dissimulating, manipulative, deceitful, and disrespectful, a slanderer and cunning. Before this the audience could only speculate on this and the remainder of his personality as he shows different sides to different people, he has been referred to as ‘an onion' and ‘Janus, the Roman god' because of his multiple personalities.

Life Ambitions Essay

Owen Stuart Phillips-Statement of Ambitions and Life Purpose Scouting has taught me many things about myself. It is a big part of who I am now and it will stay with me forever. Through Scouting, I have learned the importance of preparation, personal responsibility, service to others, and leadership skills. I first started out with Cub Scouts where I earned every rank and received my Arrow of Light. After Cub Scouts, I crossed over to Boy Scouts and joined Troop 40. I have been extremely involved with my Troop and I have done almost everything they have had to offer. I am proud of the fact that I will be the 6th member of my extended family (cousins) to earn the rank of Eagle Scout from Troop 40, all under the guidance of the same Scoutmaster, Mr. Clifton Glover. I plan on staying involved Scouts to improve on my leadership skills and earn additional merit badges. I would also like to earn the three Eagle Palms. In school I am an honor roll student. I am in the band and I have received awards at band competitions in Greenville at ECU and Music Performance Adjudication held in Jacksonville. When I was in the 5th grade I completed the DARE program which stands for Drug Abuse Resistance Education. We were required to write a 2 page essay to complete the course. The winning essay would be read aloud by the student at the graduation ceremony. My essay won the competition, I received a trophy and I was very proud. I play sports such as football, baseball, and wrestling. I have been team captain in football. I was also asked to participate in a youth football instructional video for Championship Productions. The video was filmed at Wingate University with other youth players and college coaches, demonstrating football drills and fundamentals. The video will be sold to youth players and coaches nationwide. After I graduate High School, I have strong interests in applying to our Military Service Academies. I would like to be an officer in the Military because I feel like I can be a leader instead of a follower. I started getting strong interests in the Military Academies when we went on a camp out to the United States Military Academy at West Point. It was a great experience and I absolutely loved every bit of it. If it was not for Scouting, I would have not had that opportunity. I enjoy math and engineering, and would like to pursue a career in this area in the military, such as a combat engineer.

Kant - Critique of the Aesthetic Power of Judgment Essay - 1

Kant - Critique of the Aesthetic Power of Judgment - Essay Example According to Kant, an individual judges the taste of an object in line to the level of satisfaction that is achieved in the use of the object (Kant 118). This satisfaction is said to reside in the beauty of the object. The satisfaction that is achieved in the use of an object is normally accompanied with an individual’s assent. In this sense, it is assumed that the level of satisfaction which is achieved is objective. Kant illustrates that the satisfaction which is achieved through an object varies from one individual to another. This means that what is considered to be satisfying by one person may be unsatisfactory to another. It is due to the above claim that Kant says that an objective approach in the used of an object is valid in determining the level of satisfaction which is achieved by the user or consumer of the object. This implies that when an object is being consumed, the objective of the consumer in the use of the object plays a role in defining if it is satisfactor y or not. If an individual says that a given flower is very beautiful, it is a claim which implies that the flower will satisfy everybody. Kant critiques this argument by saying that the pleasantness of an object such as this flower is not likely to satisfy all people equally (Kant 119). If an individual is satisfied by a smell by considering it pleasant, the same smell may give another person a headache. According to these claims therefore, the beauty of a flower is just one of its properties and the manner in which it is received and experienced by different people varies in accordance to the perception which emanates from their senses. Therefore the satisfaction that is achieved by the smell of the flower is not accommodative of the different tastes among different people because of the following reasons. Firstly, the experiences of people vary which influences the manner

Sarbanes Oxley Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sarbanes Oxley Act - Essay Example It is a law for all public that set the standards for all the United States of America’s public companies board, the management and all the public accounting firms. This has set the standards for all who hold management position to give out accurate financial statements and information, while making external auditors more independent. The Act contains 11 titles. Scenario 1 which tries to establish whether a chief financial officer(CFO) or the CEO is liable certify report that contain misrepresentation can be explained by title III of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX).this title contain eight parts and states that those in high ranking of management should be individually responsible for accurate and complete financial statements. The title is specific in that it demand that corporate officers e.g. the CFO, or the CEO to be responsible for accurate and valid financial records (SOX section 302) ( Guy 45).4 Scenario 2 wished to establish whether or not a CFO or CEO is liable for using their respective position to influence an "audit report" of a public corporation. This can be explained by title XI on fraud accountability. It specifies that tampering and fraud of financial records either by overstatement or understatement attracted a penalty. This may lead to an extent of freezing payment which seems either overstated or understated. (SOX section1101)(James 128). Scenario3 wishes to find out whether or not an outside auditing firm must report directly to the "internal auditing committee" of a public corporation.... . Scenario 6 looks at whether or not a public corporation can make loans to managers and executives. This can be explained by title V which has nine sections that shows reporting on any transaction whether it is an off the balance sheet or any financial transaction. This means that they can make loans to the managers but it is a requirement to report on all those transaction that were involved (James 310). The last scenario wishes to tell whether or not a person who conspires with other to engage in fraudulent activities will receive the same punishment as those who actually engage in the fraudulent activity. Title III specifically states that every officer s will take his her individual responsibility for accurate and valid reporting. In case of fraud each officer takes his/her own responsibility and receives his /her own penalty (Guy 103). It is for a fact that Sarbanes Oxley Act is applicable in many activities of the firm. It seeks to set the standards for all who hold management position to give out accurate financial statements and information, while making external auditors more independent. Work cited. Guy Lander ,What is Sarbanes-Oxley? McGraw-Hill, 2003 James Hamilton, Ted Trautmann,Sarbanes, Oxley Manual: A Handbook for the Act and SEC Rules, CCH Incorporated, 2008 Question A Uniform commercial code Uniform commercial code was first enacted in 1952 and aimed at harmonizing sales law in the United States of America. Uniform commercial law was enacted to deal with transactions and contracts. It was created to create uniformity while transacting. It is subdivided into articles but of importance to this question is article 2 of the uniform

Assigment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assigment - Essay Example Usually, people are advised to just get the form from the health-care facility that they are being treated in since they would have the standard Advance Directive Form that the state prescribes. All in all, it is safe, for people if they want to be extra careful to use the advance directive form drafted by the American Medical Association in conjunction with the American Association of Retired Persons and the American Bar Association. This form is a legally-binding documents in all states. The Form must also be filled in with at least two witnesses present. These witnesses must also satisfy specific requirements, which I should comply with. Healthcare staffs are well-versed in these areas so anybody in my position can expect help from them. In addition all of the entries therein must be comprehensively and correctly filled in. This is the reason why it is important to employ the help of an attorney to determine this â€Å"completeness.† An error in the document can be used as a legal ground to dispute my state of mind when the Form was completed and, hence, invite legal disputes later on. Living will and a health care power of attorney are two types of advance directives. The former is defined as the â€Å"document whose purpose is to specify the person’s end-of-life care instruction† and that â€Å"whether that end-of-life directive also includes the appointment of a health care proxy in a combination form will be specified in each reference.† (Cebuhar 2006, p. 43) The health care power-of-attorney, on the other hand, refers to the permission of the conveyance to the agent or proxy of one’s powers to make health care decisions upon loss of decision-making capacity and that it â€Å"can be used to request or refuse treatment, giving this legal instrument greater scope and power than the living will in most jurisdictions.† (Gallo and Reichel 1999, p. 816) Living will is important for me as a patient because it expresses my wishes on the future whether I